ChatGPT Details How Many Users Exhibit Psychosis, Suicidal Thoughts

THE OpenAI has released new estimates of the number of ChatGPT users who exhibit possible signs of mental health emergencies, including mania, psychosis or suicidal thoughts.
The company said that around 0.07 per cent of ChatGPT users active in a given week exhibited such signs, adding that its Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbot recognises and responds to these sensitive conversations.
While OpenAI maintained these cases are “extremely rare,” critics said even a small percentage may amount to hundreds of thousands of people, as ChatGPT recently reached 800 million weekly active users, per boss, Sam Altman.
As scrutiny mounts, the company said it has built a network of experts around the world to advise it, including over 170 psychiatrists, psychologists and primary care physicians, who have practised in 60 countries.
These experts, it stated, have devised a series of responses in ChatGPT to encourage users to seek help in the real world.
However, a glimpse at the company’s data raised eyebrows among some mental health professionals.
“Even though 0.07 per cent sounds like a small percentage, at a population level with hundreds of millions of users, that actually can be quite a few people,” said Dr. Jason Nagata, a professor, who studies technology use among young adults at the University of California, San Francisco in the United States (US).
“AI can broaden access to mental health support, and in some ways support mental health, but we have to be aware of the limitations,” Nagata added.
The company also estimated 0.15 per cent of ChatGPT users have conversations that include “explicit indicators of potential suicidal planning or intent.”
OpenAI said recent updates to its chatbot were designed to “respond safely and empathetically to potential signs of delusion or mania” and noted “indirect signals of potential self-harm or suicide risk.”
ChatGPT has also been trained to reroute sensitive conversations “originating from other models to safer models” by opening in a new window.
In response to questions by the BBC on criticism about the numbers of people potentially affected, OpenAI said this small percentage of users amounts to a meaningful number of people, adding that it was taking changes seriously.
The changes come as OpenAI faces mounting legal scrutiny over the way ChatGPT interacts with users.
In one of the most high-profile lawsuits recently filed against OpenAI, a California couple sued the company over the death of their teenage son, alleging that ChatGPT encouraged him to take his own life in April this year.
The lawsuit, filed by the parents of 16-year-old Adam Raine, was the first legal action accusing OpenAI of wrongful death.
In a separate case, the suspect in a murder-suicide that took place in August this year in Greenwich, Connecticut, US, posted hours of his conversations with ChatGPT, which appear to have fuelled the alleged perpetrator’s delusions.
More users struggle with AI psychosis, as “chatbots create the illusion of reality. It is a powerful illusion,” said Professor Robin Feldman, Director of the AI Law and Innovation Institute at the University of California Law.
She said OpenAI deserved credit for “sharing statistics and for efforts to improve the problem,” but added: “The company can put all kinds of warnings on the screen, but a person who is mentally at risk may not be able to heed those warnings.”